This paper will look into the supremacy of neoliberalism and its impact in both inappropriate and ineffectiveness of managing forests in the private and commercial sector. That has caused the failure of forestry protection thus resulting to high deforestation. In the effort to protect the forests, this paper discusses the need for international convention in the support and facilitation of community forestry which is a successful forest conservation tool in dissimilar countries especially in Africa e.g. Tanzania. The global community has to apply global principles and enforce them locally in order to ensure maximum conservation and protection of the most common features such as forests. This research uses a case study methodology to help address the research objectives and research problems. In order to examine how neoliberalism dominance has constrained collective environmental action, the paper discusses neoliberalism policies particularly in Brazil in the discussion section. This paper reached a conclusion stating that ,the International Forest Policy's main work is to bring up international collective action, which is currently fragmented with no coherent forest conventions existing, keeping in mind that forest are a common pool of resources.
The natural radioactivity concentrations of 238U (226Ra),232Th and 40K were estimated in beach sand near Barakah NPP, using gamma spectrometry using HPGe detector. The average activity concentrations of 238U (226Ra), 232Th and 40K are 4.43?3.88,1.68?1.71, and 106.3?7.27 Bq/kg, respectively. In addition, the hazard parameters such as Radium equivalent and absorption dose were estimated. The current estimated activity concentrations were lower than levels reported in nearby countries and the world average.
The current research work is carried out for the biological treatment of sewage water for different valuable purposes. Four interconnected ponds were designed for the biological treatment of sewage water to check its suitability for different experimental species. Anaerobic bacteria were introduced into pond 1 to biodegrade the sewage contaminants and to generate methane gas. Aerobic bacteria and phytoremediation plants were introduced into pond 2 for bioremediation purposes. Sand and gravel filter was also applied on pond 2 water to provide biofilm for bacteria and to eliminate left over heavy metals. In Pond 3, Tilapia fish was introduced for bio-filtration and fresh water fish farming. Water from pond 3 directly drained into pond 4 for irrigation purposes. Physicochemical parameters were demonstrated a significant decrease in water turbidity, conductivity, pH and heavy metal concentrations from pond 1 towards pond 4. Similarly, Microbial analysis were identified no major pathogen in the biologically treated sewage water.
With semi-stabilized and stabilized phosphoranes , Wittig reactions can be run in combination with C-C cross-coupling reactions such as with the Suzuki reaction. When 2-formylphenylboronic acid is used as substrate, these reactions can be combined with a Heck-reaction and a hydrolysis in one pot.
Drought stress mitigating effects of CO2 enrichment were assessed on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) plants inside a greenhouse in Al Foah, UAE. For the study, maize seeds were planted inside three custom-built plastic cage structures. Each cage was set for one of the three CO2 concentrations: 1000 ppm CO2, 700 ppm CO2, and ambient CO2 (i.e. 435 ppm). Additionally, three water stress treatments, HWS (200 ml per week), MWS (400 ml per week), and CWS (600 ml per week) were applied on two-weeks old seedlings until flowering. The results showed that the total chlorophyll content and stomatal length increased, and stomatal density decreased, under enriched (700 ppm and 1000 ppm CO2), when compared to ambient CO2 concentrations. Overall, maize plants were taller and bigger in drought-stressed enriched (700 ppm and 1000 ppm) CO2 environments. We posit as much as 33% irrigation savings under enriched CO2 concentrations.
This study compares the environmental impact of the life cycles of three cultivation systems (conventional open field, organic green-house, and hydroponic) for tomato production in the UAE using Abu Dhabi fields as a case study. The burdens associated with all phases of cultivation were considered using 1 kg of loose commercial tomato as a reference point. The study also aims to evaluate the energy and water demands in these phases in order to identify the most sustainable option for the UAE. The life cycle assessment (LCA) inventories were created based on primary data acquired from farm owners and a commercial company planning to set-up operations in Abu Dhabi. The results of the study are aimed to get a better understanding of the costs and benefits of each cultivation system and the development of best management practices for farming in the UAE.
Influence of hydrodynamic conditions on the film resistance behavior of two corrosion inhibitors was studied using jet impingement apparatus. Linear polarization resistance (LPR) was carried out to obtain a live corrosion data, which depicts the inhibitor efficiency change along with the flow speed and time. Inhibitor efficiency increase firstly and then decreased with the pump speed. On the other hand, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) interpreted the details of corrosion behavior. Inductive loops emerged as a negative factor to reduce the film resistance. At last, it's proved that proper change in the inhibitor formation can improve corrosion resistance a lot.
The interrelationship between organizational culture and innovation is rarely investigated. The objectives of this paper are to develop a framework that would determine existing culture and innovation types in any given organization, model the interrelationships between them and help the management to adjust organizational culture to achieve desired innovation type. First step of the framework consists of using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI), a questionnaire based on the Competing Value Framework (CVF), to determine culture types within the organization, and the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) to determine existing innovation types. Then multiple linear regression analysis is used to find out the interrelationship between them. This framework is validated by implementing it in one of the largest information technology organizations in UAE. The model gave adjusted R2 values ranging between 0.53 and 0.83, which indicate that the model is workable and gives reliable results. The results reveal that for each innovation type there is a recommended combination of the four culture types.
This enormous growth in the market of e-commerce increased the need for solving the Last Mile delivery problem that refers to the process of conveying goods from transportation hubs to a destination in the supply chain management. Autonomous vehicles can be used to make the delivery of the purchased products to the customer. The aim of the paper is to find the optimal routes for small autonomous delivery machine filled with parcels by an autonomous vehicle to minimize the delivery time and increase the delivery efficiency. A classification of system-tosystem handover is introduced as well as a review of AVs technologies in Last Mile delivery is presented.
Fault detection is the characterization of a normal behavior of a system using a response function or profile of interest, and identification of any deviation from such normal behavior. As system complexity grows, predicting the underlying structure or form of response function becomes challenging if not impossible. This article presents a data-driven approach for fault detection of complex systems using multivariate statistical process control based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) characterization. In this approach, the quality of a system is characterized where one explanatory variable is adequately explained as a function of the other variables using an ANN model. The vector of weights and biases of the ANN model is monitored using Hotelling T^2 through control charts. The proposed method is tested and compared to existing methods such as polynomial and sum of sine function regression for three cases from the literature. Moreover, it is applied to a 4-story reinforced concrete building that utilizes continuous monitoring to avoid potentially catastrophic failures. The proposed ANN approach outperforms the existing methods for small shifts (deviations) from healthy states. For large and medium shifts, it provides comparable results that are on the conservative side
